Impact of modified-release opioid use on clinical outcomes following total hip and knee arthroplasty: a propensity score-matched cohort study

Modified-release opioids are often prescribed for the management of moderate to severe acute pain following total hip and knee arthroplasty, despite recommendations against their use due to increasing concerns regarding harm. The primary objective of this multicentre study was to examine the impact of modified-release opioid use on the incidence of opioid-related adverse events compared with immediate-release opioid use, among adult inpatients following total hip or knee arthroplasty. Data for total hip and knee arthroplasty inpatients receiving an opioid analgesic for postoperative analgesia during hospitalisation were collected from electronic medical records of three tertiary metropolitan hospitals in Australia. The primary outcome was the incidence of opioid-related adverse events during hospital admission. Patients who received modified with or without immediate-release opioids were matched to those receiving immediate-release opioids only (1:1) using nearest neighbour propensity score matching with patient and clinical characteristics as covariates. This included total opioid dose received. In the matched cohorts, patients given modified-release opioids (n = 347) experienced a higher incidence of opioid-related adverse events overall, compared with those given immediate-release opioids only (20.5%, 71/347 vs. 12.7%, 44/347; difference in proportions 7.8% [95%CI 2.3–13.3%]). Modified-release opioid use was associated with an increased risk of harm when used for acute pain during hospitalisation after total hip or knee arthroplasty.     

眼表灼伤的手术治疗

眼表灼伤是职业活动和生活中常见的眼科急症及疑难病症。严重眼表灼伤对患者视力恢复及外观修复有很大的影响，需要进行眼科手术修复损伤，防止角膜溶解穿孔，恢复解剖结构，处理视功能和美容方面的并发症。本文针对眼表灼伤的主流手术治疗相关研究进行综述。     

以宫腔积液为首发症状的胃型宫颈腺癌1例报道并文献复习

宫腔积液指宫腔内液体积存(积水、积血或积脓),是绝经后女性常见体征之一,常于超声检查时发现。持续宫腔积液患者,需宫腔镜检查寻找病因。本文报道1例以宫腔积液为首发症状,经宫腔镜检查确诊为胃型宫颈腺癌的患者。通过病例回顾并文献复习,以期为更多绝经后宫腔积液及宫颈病变的诊断提供参考,避免漏诊及误诊。1病例资料患者67岁,女,主因"绝经18年,不规则阴道出血2月"于2020年5月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院妇科微创中心。     

3种真空辅助旋切系统在超声引导下乳腺微创术中应用的差异

目的 探讨Encor、Mammotome及Hologic 3种真空辅助旋切系统在超声引导下乳腺微创旋切术应用中的差异。方法 收集2020年2月1日至2020年9月30日郑州大学第一附属医院乳腺外科收治的2 528例乳腺肿块手术患者的资料，选取临床资料及随访资料完整的患者共1 019例，按使用系统分为Encor组379例(病灶548个)、Mammotome组362例(病灶513个)及Hologic组278例(病灶433个)。回顾分析比较3组病理结果、肿块大小、肿块切除率、手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症情况及患者对手术满意度。结果 3组患者在病理结果、肿块切除率和术后并发症方面比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Hologic系统切除肿块最大直径[13(10,18)mm]大于Encor系统[12(9,16)mm]和Mammotome系统[11(8,15)mm],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Hologic组手术时间[11.5(7,18)min]短于Encor组[27(18,38)min]及Mammotome组[24(18,32)min],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Mammotome组术中出血量[2.5(2,5)mL]少于Encor组[3(2,5)mL]及Hologic组[5(4,10)mL],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Encor系统术后满意度(97.89%)高于Mammotome组(96.13%)及Hologic组(94.96%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 Encor、Mammotome及Hologic均是有效安全的微创旋切系统。Encor系统术后满意度高，但手术时间长。Mammotome系统术后出血量少，但切除肿块较小。Hologic系统切除肿块较大且手术时间短，但术中出血量较多，术后满意度较差。合适的选择将使旋切技术在乳腺手术中得到更有效的应用。